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[95], Paris is located in northern central France, in a north-bending arc of the river Seine whose crest includes two islands, the Île Saint-Louis and the larger Île de la Cité, which form the oldest part of the city. Profit from additional features by authenticating your Admin account. Paris has an extensive road network with over 2,000 km (1,243 mi) of highways and motorways. [120], The Métropole du Grand Paris, or simply Grand Paris, formally came into existence on 1 January 2016. In the late 12th century, a school of polyphony was established at Notre-Dame. Surprisingly warm or cool weather occurs frequently in both seasons. There are also many business schools, including HEC, INSEAD, ESSEC, and ESCP Europe. [23][24] One of the area's major north–south trade routes crossed the Seine on the île de la Cité; this meeting place of land and water trade routes gradually became an important trading centre. A central hub of the national rail network, Paris' six major railway stations (Gare du Nord, Gare de l'Est, Gare de Lyon, Gare d'Austerlitz, Gare Montparnasse, Gare Saint-Lazare) and a minor one (Gare de Bercy) are connected to three networks: the TGV serving four high-speed rail lines, the normal speed Corail trains, and the suburban rails (Transilien). In 1648, the Académie royale de peinture et de sculpture (Royal Academy of Painting and Sculpture) was established to accommodate for the dramatic interest in art in the capital. For the executive, the two chief officers each have their own official residences, which also serve as their offices. Gare du Nord is the 24th busiest railway station in the world, but the first located outside Japan, with 262 million passengers in 2015. [199] Paris' department store district in the 1st, 6th, 8th and 9th arrondissements employ ten percent of mostly female Paris workers, with 100,000 of these registered in the retail trade. [194], In the 2017 worldwide cost of living survey by the Economist Intelligence Unit, based on a survey made in September 2016, Paris ranked as the seventh most expensive city in the world, and the second most expensive in Europe, after Zurich. [148], On the night of 8–9 February 2019, during a period of cold weather, a Paris NGO conducted its annual citywide count of homeless persons. Since that time, because of high prices, some publishers have moved out to the less expensive areas. They also built the major parks around the city centre. The largest part of the investment budget is earmarked for public housing (262 million Euros) and for real estate (142 million Euros). $39 per month* The oldest and most famous Paris theatre is the Comédie-Française, founded in 1680. [309] The project was abandoned in 2002 for a new and better enforced local law, under the terms of which dog owners can be fined up to €500 for not removing their dog faeces. [248], Paris is the spiritual home of gypsy jazz in particular, and many of the Parisian jazzmen who developed in the first half of the 20th century began by playing Bal-musette in the city. [197], According to 2015 INSEE figures, 68.3 percent of employees in the City of Paris work in commerce, transportation, and services; 24.5 percent in public administration, health and social services; 4.1 percent in industry, and 0.1 percent in agriculture. [272] Most of the major fashion designers have their showrooms along the Avenue Montaigne, between the Champs-Élysées and the Seine. ", Insee, Distribution of the population in France as of January 1, 2019, by age group Statista, https://www.statista.com/statistics/464032/distribution-population-age-group-france/ (last visited September 28, 2020), We use cookies to personalize contents and ads, offer social media features, and analyze access to our website. [316] Since 1977, the city has created 166 new parks, most notably the Parc de la Villette (1987), Parc André Citroën (1992), Parc de Bercy (1997) and Parc Clichy-Batignolles (2007). [11] Paris is especially known for its museums and architectural landmarks: the Louvre was the most visited art museum in the world in 2019, with 9.6 million visitors. [291] Beauvais-Tillé Airport, located 69 kilometres (43 miles) north of Paris' city centre, is used by charter airlines and low-cost carriers such as Ryanair. [223] Georges Bizet's Carmen premiered 3 March 1875. In 1163, during the reign of Louis VII, Maurice de Sully, bishop of Paris, undertook the construction of the Notre Dame Cathedral at its eastern extremity. Other hospitals include Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital (one of the largest in Europe), Hôpital Cochin, Bichat–Claude Bernard Hospital, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, Bicêtre Hospital, Beaujon Hospital, the Curie Institute, Lariboisière Hospital, Necker–Enfants Malades Hospital, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Hôpital de la Charité and the American Hospital of Paris. This served as France's top art school until 1793.[223]. Economist Intelligence Unit Worldwide Cost of Living Survey, based on September 2016 data, retrieved July 2017. It hosts the French national football team for friendlies and major tournaments qualifiers, annually hosts the French national rugby team's home matches of the Six Nations Championship, and hosts several important matches of the Stade Français rugby team. These include both restaurants which serve classical French cuisine, such as L'Ambroisie in the Place des Vosges, and those which serve non-traditional menus, such as L'Astrance, which combines French and Asian cuisines. Over €26.5 billion will be invested over the next 15 years to extend the Métro network into the suburbs,[291] with notably the Grand Paris Express project. [51], Louis XVI and the royal family were brought to Paris and made prisoners within the Tuileries Palace. On 17 October 1961, an unauthorised but peaceful protest demonstration of Algerians against the curfew led to violent confrontations between the police and demonstrators, in which at least 40 people were killed, including some thrown into the Seine. [233] of Other famous theatres include the Odéon-Théâtre de l'Europe, next to the Luxembourg Gardens, also a state institution and theatrical landmark; the Théâtre Mogador, and the Théâtre de la Gaîté-Montparnasse.[234]. [158], The official estimated population of the City of Paris was 2,206,488 as of 1 January 2019, according to the INSEE, the official French statistical agency. [195], In 2018, Paris was the most expensive city in the world with Singapore and Hong Kong. [35] The latter location housed the headquarters of Paris' river trade corporation, an organisation that later became, unofficially (although formally in later years), Paris' first municipal government. It ranged from 7.6 percent in the wealthy Essonne department to 13.1 percent in the Seine-Saint-Denis department, where many recent immigrants live. Other famous Paris music halls include Le Lido, on the Champs-Élysées, opened in 1946; and the Crazy Horse Saloon, featuring strip-tease, dance and magic, opened in 1951. [241] It is also a city of small bookstores. [136] The national police has its own special unit for riot control and crowd control and security of public buildings, called the Compagnies Républicaines de Sécurité (CRS), a unit formed in 1944 right after the liberation of France. The city is served by three commercial international airports: Paris–Charles de Gaulle, Paris–Orly and Beauvais–Tillé Airport. [159], In the Paris Region, 590,504 residents were immigrants from Europe, 627,078 were immigrants from the Maghreb, 435,339 from sub-Saharan Africa and Egypt, 69,338 from Turkey, 322,330 from Asia (outside Turkey), 113,363 from the Americas, and 2,261 from the South Pacific. The May 1968 events in France resulted in the break-up of the University of Paris into 13 independent campuses. [253] Other singers—of similar style—include Maurice Chevalier, Charles Aznavour, Yves Montand, as well as Charles Trenet. [96], Measured from the 'point zero' in front of its Notre-Dame cathedral, Paris by road is 450 kilometres (280 mi) southeast of London, 287 kilometres (178 mi) south of Calais, 305 kilometres (190 mi) southwest of Brussels, 774 kilometres (481 mi) north of Marseille, 385 kilometres (239 mi) northeast of Nantes, and 135 kilometres (84 mi) southeast of Rouen. Since the inauguration of its first line in 1900, Paris's Métro network has grown to become the city's most widely used local transport system; today it carries about 5.23 million passengers daily[290] through 16 lines, 303 stations (385 stops) and 220 km (136.7 mi) of rails. Population data is available by various characteristics and can be grouped around the following topics: Ageing and population structure: based on the data available ageing trends can be followed throughout the past decades.Information on age groups and their share in the total population are available by country and at EU, Eurozone, EFTA and EEA aggregate levels. [176] French census data does not contain information about religious affiliation. The Commune held power for two months, until it was harshly suppressed by the French army during the "Bloody Week" at the end of May 1871. [248][249] Several yearly festivals take place in Paris, including the Paris Jazz Festival and the rock festival Rock en Seine. Statista. [121] It is an administrative structure for co-operation between the City of Paris and its nearest suburbs. [164] The principal reasons were a significant decline in household size, and a dramatic migration of residents to the suburbs between 1962 and 1975. After many modifications, the new area, named the Metropolis of Grand Paris, with a population of 6.7 million, was created on 1 January 2016. This was an increase of 588 persons since 2018. [149], Aside from the 20th-century addition of the Bois de Boulogne, the Bois de Vincennes and the Paris heliport, Paris' administrative limits have remained unchanged since 1860. The population of Paris today is lower than its historical peak of 2.9 million in 1921. Paris' most popular sport clubs are the association football club Paris Saint-Germain F.C. [26], The Romans conquered the Paris Basin in 52 BC and began their settlement on Paris' Left Bank. In addition, the Paris region is served by a light rail network of nine lines, the tramway: Line T1 runs from Asnières-Gennevilliers to Noisy-le-Sec, Line T2 runs from Pont de Bezons to Porte de Versailles, Line T3a runs from Pont du Garigliano to Porte de Vincennes, Line T3b runs from Porte de Vincennes to Porte d'Asnières, Line T5 runs from Saint-Denis to Garges-Sarcelles, Line T6 runs from Châtillon to Viroflay, Line T7 runs from Villejuif to Athis-Mons, Line T8 runs from Saint-Denis to Épinay-sur-Seine and Villetaneuse, all of which are operated by the RATP Group,[292] and line T4 runs from Bondy RER to Aulnay-sous-Bois, which is operated by the state rail carrier SNCF. Among these, 1,165,541 (85.9 percent) were main residences, 91,835 (6.8 percent) were secondary residences, and the remaining 7.3 percent were empty (down from 9.2 percent in 2006). [69], On 14 June 1940, the German army marched into Paris, which had been declared an "open city". [240], Paris is a city of books and bookstores. In 1982, Mayor Chirac introduced the motorcycle-mounted Motocrotte to remove dog faeces from Paris streets. [28], By the end of the Western Roman Empire, the town was known as Parisius, a Latin name that would later become Paris in French. [194] In 2011, while only 56,927 construction workers worked in Paris itself,[200] its metropolitan area employed 246,639,[198] in an activity centred largely on the Seine-Saint-Denis (41,378)[201] and Hauts-de-Seine (37,303)[202] departments and the new business-park centres appearing there. INSEE – Unemployment by region and department, first trimester of 2018 (Provisional figures) (retrieved 31 July 2018), Taxable income by "consumption unit" as defined by INSEE, see, TEA-AECOM Theme Index 2017: Amusement Parks Worldwide, Paris Tourism Key Figures 2018; Paris Convention and Visitors Bureau, Last edited on 14 September 2020, at 14:57, Place de la Grève (Place de l'Hôtel de Ville), a series of coordinated bomb and gunfire terrorist attacks in Paris and Saint-Denis, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Organisation internationale de la Francophonie, European Union Institute for Security Studies, International Bureau of Weights and Measures, International Federation for Human Rights, List of tallest buildings and structures in the Paris region, United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, European Securities and Markets Authority, Académie royale de peinture et de sculpture, École des hautes études en sciences sociales, National Institute of Sport and Physical Education, Bibliothèque historique de la ville de Paris, 5th busiest airport in the world by international traffic, List of twin towns and sister cities of Paris, International Exposition of Modern Industrial and Decorative Arts, "INSEE official estimated population by department and region as of 1 January 2019", "Dossier complet − Unité urbaine de Paris (00851)", "Dossier complet − Aire urbaine de Paris (001)", Singapour, Hong Kong, Paris : le trio des villes les plus chères du monde, "Revealed: The world's most expensive (and cheapest) cities for 2018", "List: The world's 20 busiest airports (2017)", "ACI reveals the world's busiest passenger and cargo airports", "The 51 busiest train stations in the world – all but 6 located in Japan", "9,6 millions de visiteurs au Louvre en 2019", "Art's Most Popular: here are 2019's most visited shows and museums", "Important Destinations for the Beat Generation", "France remembers Algerian massacre 50 years on", "Les berges de Seine rendues aux Parisiens", "Sarko's €35bn rail plan for a 'Greater Paris, "€26.5bn Grand Paris metro expansion programme confirmed", "French Court Sentences 2 for Role in 1995 Bombings That Killed 8", "Attentats terroristes : les questions que vous nous avez le plus posées", "Les politiques s'affichent à la marche républicaine", "Islamic State claims Paris attacks that killed 127", "Terror attacks timeline: From Paris and Brussels terror to most recent attacks in Europe", "Paris Orly airport attacker was 'radicalised Muslim, "Paris shooting: Marine Le Pen calls for all French terror suspects to be expelled after Champs Elysees attack", "Car rams police van on Champs-Elysees, armed suspect dead", "Visiting Paris in the Winter: A Complete Guide", "Weather in France – Climate and Temperatures of French Cities", "42.6 °C à Paris : record absolu de chaleur battu ! It is also responsible for providing emergency services, including the Paris Fire Brigade. [103] Spring and autumn have, on average, mild days and fresh nights but are changing and unstable. Its name is said to have come in 1814 from the Russian soldiers who occupied the city; "bistro" means "quickly" in Russian, and they wanted their meals served rapidly so they could get back their encampment. [238] One of the most popular of all French writers, Jules Verne, worked at the Theatre Lyrique and the Paris stock exchange, while he did research for his stories at the National Library. A luxury restaurant, La Taverne Anglaise, opened in 1786 in the arcades of the Palais-Royal by Antoine Beauvilliers; it featured an elegant dining room, an extensive menu, linen tablecloths, a large wine list and well-trained waiters; it became a model for future Paris restaurants. Directly accessible data for 170 industries from 50 countries [194] The Paris region's most intense economic activity through the central Hauts-de-Seine department and suburban La Défense business district places Paris' economic centre to the west of the city, in a triangle between the Opéra Garnier, La Défense and the Val de Seine. You only have access to basic statistics. The Musée de l'Orangerie, near both the Louvre and the Orsay, also exhibits Impressionists and Post-Impressionists, including most of Claude Monet's large Water Lilies murals. It was broken up into thirteen autonomous universities in 1970, following the student demonstrations in 1968. "Number of inhabitants of the city of Paris, France, by gender 2019." Paris' largest cinema room today is in the Grand Rex theatre with 2,700 seats. [52] The property of the aristocracy and the church was nationalised, and the city's churches were closed, sold or demolished. To the north of the city, they are grouped mainly in the Seine-Saint-Denis department, and to a lesser extreme to the east in the Val-d'Oise department. [320][321] The process of moving bones from the Cimetière des Innocents to the catacombs took place between 1786 and 1814;[322] part of the network of tunnels and remains can be visited today on the official tour of the catacombs. Electricity is provided to Paris through a peripheral grid fed by multiple sources. [14] Paris has long been famous for its grand hotels. Picasso, living in Le Bateau-Lavoir in Montmartre, painted his famous La Famille de Saltimbanques and Les Demoiselles d'Avignon between 1905 and 1907. The city was also bombed by Zeppelins and shelled by German long-range guns. Paris in its early history had only the rivers Seine and Bièvre for water. Please create an employee account to be able to mark statistics as favorites. In addition to the national museums, run by the Ministry of Culture, the City of Paris operates 14 museums, including the Carnavalet Museum on the history of Paris, Musée d'Art Moderne de la Ville de Paris, Palais de Tokyo, the House of Victor Hugo, the House of Balzac and the Catacombs of Paris. The Médiathèque Musicale Mahler in the 8th arrondissement opened in 1986 and contains collections related to music. [125], As the capital of France, Paris is the seat of France's national government. It is composed of 209 members representing the different communes within the region.

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